Nanotechnology is rapidly developing subdivision of technology that effects on many fields. Medicine is also influenced by nanotechnology. Nanotechnology modified methods can be used in cancer treatment. Nanotechnology can assist to have better diagnosis with less harmful substance. The use of optical nanoparticles provides efficient drug delivery to tumor cells with liposomes and functionalized micelles. Nanotechnology can be also used in molecular imaging with tomography and photoacoustic imaging of tumors and therapy of cancer as photothermal and radiotherapy. Nanotechnology a next generation techniques have many advantages to treat cancer patients from diagnosis to treatment.

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Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the root canal morphology of primary maxillary molars in Indian population using spiral computed tomography (SCT). Materials and Methods: The 30 extracted primary maxillary molars were collected. The teeth were scanned using SCT. The scanned data was then transferred to image analysis software and evaluated for the following: Distance between the central fissure to furcation, distance between the central fissure to the floor of the pulp chamber, height of the pulp chamber (roof-floor), distance between the floor of the pulp chamber to the furcation and number of canals. Results: The results of this study shows that the average mean distance from the central fissure to the floor of the pulp chamber is 5.02 mm and 5.32 mm in first maxillary primary molar and second maxillary primary molar. Conclusion: Knowledge of the root canal morphology and anatomical landmarks of the primary maxillary molar might be a very helpful indicator to the dentist during access opening.

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Background: Iontophoresis is a method of electrically transporting ionic particles into the hard and soft-tissues to achieve therapeutic benefits to manage dentinal hypersensitivity. Aim: The primary aim of the following study is to evaluate and the secondary aim is to compare the efficacy of two different desensitizing agents in moderate and severe dentinal hypersensitivity patients using acidulated sodium fluoride (NaF) gel 0.33% using iontophoretic unit and hydroxyl-ethyl methacrylate with glutaraldehyde (HEMA-G), in reducing the dentinal hypersensitivity. Materials and Methods: The hypersensitive teeth were identified by the patient and verified by the light stroke of dental explorer along the cervical area of all teeth. A total of 40 Subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were evaluated using stimuli. Responders were recorded with the verbal rating scale scores and divided into two groups: Group 1 (moderate dentinal hypersensitivity) and Group 2 (severe dentinal hypersensitivity). Each group was further subdivided into Subgroup A (treated with Iontophoresis) and Subgroup B (treated with 35% hydroxy-ethyl methacrylate and 5% glutaraldehyde).The teeth were evaluated after 2 weeks and 1 month from baseline. Results: The results were obtained using analysis variance and Student t-test using Graph Pad Prism 5.0 version and SPSS 17.0 version Software for Windows 7 software for Windows and was not significant, reduction in dentinal hypersensitivity was observed with both HEMA-G and Iontophoresis, with a remarkable reduction with Iontophoresis at the end of 2 weeks and 1 month. Conclusion: Desensitizing agents HEMA-G and 0.33% acidulated NaF gel, were both equally effective in causing immediate relief in dentinal hypersensitivity, but Iontophoresis (0.33% NaF) was found to be comparatively better than HEMA-G desensitizer for long-term relief.

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Objectives: The primary objective of the following study is to evaluate and secondary objective is to compare the hardness of two different tissue conditioners before and after the addition of three types of antifungal agents. Materials and Methods: Two types of tissue conditioners: viscogel and coe-soft were manipulated with three types of antifungal agents (fluconazole, clotrimazole, neem) and placed in the metal mold as per the manufacturer's instructions. A total of 240 samples were fabricated and divided into two groups of 120 samples each and were grouped as, T1 - Viscogel., T2 - Coe-soft. These were subjected to hardness test on 1 ^st , 7 ^th 14 ^th days with the Shore-A-Durometer equipment. Results: Tissue conditioners showed an increase in hardness values with the use of antifungal agents in all the groups. Conclusion: The study can be concluded that hardness of Viscogel was statistically significant when mixed with fluconazole and compared with coe-soft as on 1 ^st day, 7 ^th day and 14 ^th day.

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Necrotising sialometaplasia is a rare, locally destructive inflammatory condition of the salivary glands. It gains importance in that it mimics a malignant process both clinically and microscopically. A case of necrotizing sialometaplasia manifesting as bilateral synchronous ulcers in the palate is discussed with emphasis on appropriate diagnosis.

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Cleft of lip and palate is one of the common congenital defects affecting the mankind. The management of this is based on a multidisciplinary approach with the parents who are often unaware of the condition until birth needing emotional support and professional guidance. The pediatric dentist is one of the constant entities of whose role starts from infancy through adolescence. This case report highlights the early role of the pediatric dentist in management of both syndromic and nonsyndromic cleft defects with an introduction on a few etiological factors and the genetics behind clefting.

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Swine flu or influenza A (H1N1) flu, which was officially declared as a pandemic is causing havoc all over the world, with the large number of people constantly getting infected and where the government is helpless about a situation, we have to protect ourselves. Apart, we as health care providers should feel responsible for reducing the transmission of influenza. During a pandemic, reducing transmission of influenza to health care workers may not only help support the health care workforce, but may also prevent influenza transmission to patients. This is possible by proper infection control measures during patient assessment as well as during treatment. Apart there are specific recommendations for Dental Health Care Personnel which are summarized here. Hence we as dental health care professionals should try to fight that all the dental health care professionals should try to fight the barriers like fear and use all the necessary precautions to prevent the H1NI infection. It is the duty of every health care professional to follow the preventive procedures so that there would be no infections that spreads through the dental operatory.

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The developing skeletal Class III malocclusion is one of the most challenging problems confronting the practicing orthodontists. True Class III malocclusion is rare when compared with Class II and Class I and may develop in children as a result of inherent growth abnormality. Treatment should be carried out as early as possible with the aim to prevent it from becoming severe. The case was treated with biphasic therapy, i.e., orthopedic appliance followed by fixed orthodontic treatment. Facemask helps resolving the skeletal discrepancy.

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In developing countries, tuberculosis is still a prevalent health problem. Purpose of this short communication is to draw an attention that pus discharging extra oral sinus in relation to lytic lesion of the mandible without any odontogenic or any other cause could be due to tubercular infection.

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Eruption of an odontoma is infrequent and here we report a rare case of an erupted odontoma which was associated with an impacted maxillary right lateral incisor which was confirmed by the histopathological report.

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