Background: Titanium and its alloys are used as implant materials for decades. Zirconium and carbon-fiber-reinforced-polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) are newer materials available in implantology but long-term clinical studies are not yet available to prove their advantages over titanium implants. Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the magnitude of stress distribution at implant-bone interface when using titanium, zirconium, and CFR-PEEK implants. Materials and Methods: Mandibular first molar was considered for the study along with surrounding bone structure. Implant of specific dimensions was constructed at the first molar region and then lithium disilicate crown was modeled on the abutment. Hypermesh 13.0 software was used for creating finite element models and then assign the material properties for each part. This model was exported to ANSYS 19.2 software for analysis. Loads and boundary conditions were applied to the model and then solved. Interpretation of results was done. Results: The results revealed that von Mises stress distribution on medullar bone under different loading conditions, model with zirconium implant with PEEK abutment (Model B) showed better performance compared to others. Von Mises stress distribution on abutment and implant showed that model with CFR-PEEK implant with PEEK abutment (Model C) had better performance compared with others under different loading conditions. Deformation of medullar bone and implant-abutment structure was more in model with CFR-PEEK implant when compared to others although this was within the acceptable limits. Conclusions: Within the limitation of the study, it was observed that the magnitude of von Mises stress for all the models was within the acceptable range and hence zirconium and CFR-PEEK can be a suitable alternative to conventional titanium implants.

Background: Nickel–titanium (NiTi) alloys created a revolution in the instrumentation of endodontics. However, they undergo unexpected fracture during the instrumentation of curved root canals due to cyclic fatigue. Hence, innumerable scientific and manufacturing researches are focused on fabricating NiTi rotary instruments with greater cutting efficiency and increased fatigue resistance. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of three different NiTi rotary file systems: Hyflex CM, Endostar E3, and Mani Silk. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 30 Hyflex CM (25/0.06), 30 Mani Silk (25/0.06), and 30 Endostar E3 (25/0.06) instruments were included. The static cyclic fatigue test was performed using a custom-made jig. The artificial canal was made of stainless-steel jig with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm, 45° angle of curvature, and radii of curvature of 5 mm. All the instruments were rotated according to the manufacturer's recommendations until failure occurred. The time taken to failure was recorded in seconds for each group using a digital chronometer. The data were analyzed statistically using the one-way analysis of variance, Post hoc test of Bonferroni was performed to identify pair-wise significance through SPSS 21.0 software (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). The statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: Hyflex CM had the statistically highest fatigue resistance followed by Mani Silk and Endostar E3 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present in vitro study, it was found that cyclic fatigue resistance of Hyflex CM files was higher than the cyclic fatigue resistance of Mani Silk and Endostar E3 files.

Contamination of all-ceramic restorations with oral fluids during clinical try-in can have a detrimental effect on their clinical performance. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of four different saliva cleaning regimens on the shear bond strength (SBS) of lithium disilicate and zirconia with resin cement. Materials and Methods: Ten cubic samples of lithium disilicate pressable ceramic (Group A) and monolithic zirconia (Group B) were fabricated. Four surfaces from each sample were coated with saliva, washed with water, and dried. These surfaces were subsequently treated with four different cleaning protocols (water [A1, B1], isopropyl alcohol [A2, B2], sodium hypochlorite [A3, B3], and Ivoclean™ [A4, B4]) and bonded to composite cylinders using dual-cure resin cement. The specimens were then tested for SBS. Results: Group A, subgroup A4 had a significantly higher mean SBS compared to other groups, and for Group B, subgroup B4 had a significantly higher mean SBS compared to other groups. The mean difference in the SBS for subgroup A1 and B1 was −3.862 at P = 0.01; for subgroup A2 and B2, it was −4.164 at P = 0.03; for A3 and B3, it was −4.845 at P < 0.001; and for subgroup A4 and B4, it was −24.990 at P < 0.001. Conclusion: Monolithic zirconia specimens showed significantly more SBS compared to lithium disilicate specimens in all subgroups. The mean SBS was highest for surfaces cleaned using Ivoclean in both groups.

Globally the oral disorders of teeth and periodontium are causing serious health issues. Most of the times antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs are used for their management. However, the resistance to these drugs stress on the role of antimicrobial extracts obtained from plant sources. The Indian gooseberry, also known as Amla comes from family of Euphorbiaceae. It has various health beneficial properties such as antiaging, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective. Phyllanthus emblica is commonly found in Asia. P. emblica fruit contains Vitamin C and many biologically active phytochemicals. It has antimicrobial and anti-ulcerative properties. It is used for the management of oral ulcers and periodontal diseases. This article aims to review the literature currently available on the benefits, usage, and effects of P. emblica.

The incessant exploration of technology in the segment of health care and medicine has paved a way to herald the dawn of three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional imaging technologies in dentistry. 3D printing also referred to as solid free-form fabrication is a form of rapid prototyping that utilizes additive manufacturing technology in contrast to the subtractive technique of commonly used imaging technology like CAD/CAM. 3D printing has materialized the fabrication of custom-made products that eliminates the exhaustive artisanal labor techniques with reduced work time. It also escalated the accuracy and precision in the production of intricate human details. The purpose of this review is to procure the data summarizing the applications of novel 3D printing technique in the field of pediatric dentistry harnessing enhancement in technology. Furthermore, it compiles data from various clinical trials providing evidence-based approach for promoting the implementation of the techniques into practice.

Stem cells perform a crucial role in tissue growth, development, and repair. Stem cell has been identified to possess unique and extensive properties that define their possible application in the field of regenerative medicine. Regenerative medicine is a branch that is grounded on the application of stem cells capable of multidirectional differentiation or employing biological products. The use of dental stem cells is emerging as an innovative approach in the treatment of various dental disorders. Standard dental treatments usually rely on the use of artificial materials or relatively nonconservative treatments. Regenerative dental procedures involving mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential of becoming a valuable alternative to standard treatments. This review explores the basics of oral MSCs in the field of Regenerative Medicine.

The outbreak of coronavirus has wreaked havoc as it has become a global emergency. It has affected the entire world population as well as the economy due to its uncontrolled spread. Amidst all sectors which are heavily affected, the health-care unit is exposed to the highest risk as they are on the frontline of combating the novel virus. This risk is far more elevated for dentists due to their work being confined to the oral cavity through which maximum transmission has occurred. Pediatric dentists faced a formidable challenge as the children are mostly asymptomatic carriers of the novel virus. Recently, various protective guidelines have been recommended by various health-care associations such as World Health Organization, American Dental Association, and Center for Disease Control and Prevention around the globe. However, due to the boisterous expansion of this virus, the various spheres such as markets, government and private offices, transport, and dental practice have now started to function with proper guidelines and safety measures. Thus, the most afflicted dental practice is also back to serve the masses for comprehensive oral health care. Along with emergency procedures undertaken ensuring strict regulations of protection, dentistry is now emerging to service with the new normal post-COVID era to take up all essential procedures. Thereupon, this article will shed some light on the post-COVID new normal era of pediatric dentistry.