Aims: This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of the dental graduates regarding the clinical application of the theories of child psychology during the behavior guidance while treating children in the routine dental practice. Materials and Methods: A structured close-ended questionnaire comprising of 14 questions related to the theories of child psychology and behavior guidance was prepared. The validity was tested by mailing the questionnaire to 10 experienced pediatric dentists and modified based on their suggestions. The modified questionnaire was distributed to 300 (postgraduates [PGs]; students on compulsory regular rotatory internship/interns; undergraduates [UGs]) dental students belonging to a private institution. The data were obtained, tabulated, and analyzed statistically. Results: Many of the respondents had knowledge regarding basic behavior guidance techniques (BGTs) such as tell-show-do, positive reinforcement, distraction, and modeling. Knowledge and practice on advanced BGTs was minimal. Conclusion: PGs had better knowledge, compared to the UG students. Hence, there is a need to build awareness among the UGs, relates to child psychology and its application during treatment.

Background and Aim: Regular use of a potent antiplaque compound, especially formulated in toothpaste, can be beneficial in dental plaque control. Many herbal toothpastes are claiming to have anticariogenic property but they are not evident and not substantiated by the dental professionals. It is important that clinical trials should verify the efficacy of any new product, instead of simply accepting them. Hence, the present work was designed to evaluate and compare the antibacterial activity of commercially available herbal toothpastes against the clinically isolated human Streptococcus mutans. Materials and Methods: The known clinical samples from caries-positive patients were collected, and S. mutans bacteria was isolated and identified by morphology, biochemical profiling, and 16s rDNA sequencing method. The antibacterial efficacy of six herbal toothpastes against S. mutans clinical isolate was evaluated by standard agar well diffusion method. Results: Danthakanthi, among all the tested toothpastes, was found to be more effective with zone of inhibition 27.50 ± 0.51 mm, compared to standard and other tested pastes followed by Miswak and Colgate herbal. Vicco was found to be least effective with zone of inhibition 18.90 ± 0.18 mm against the tested bacteria. Conclusion: Herbal toothpastes have the prospect of becoming safer and effective alternative and provide an ideal home care anticariogenic regime. Toothpaste with multiple herbal ingredients is more efficient than the toothpastes with fewer herbal ingredients in an anticariogenic property.

Introduction: Halitosis is defined as bad breath which is offensive to others, there are several causes of halitosis, however, diseases of the oral cavity are the most common causes such as periodontal disease, bacterial coating of tongue; in addition, sinusitis, suppurative diseases of the lungs, esophageal diseases, systemic disorders, and different types of food have been implicated. It is one of the common indications for dental consultation. However, there are limited studies that have explored caregivers' perception of halitosis in their children and their help-seeking attitudes toward halitosis in children. Materials and Methods: This study was cross sectional. It was conducted over 4 months from August 2017 to December 2017. Pretested questionnaires were administered by trained medical officers and house officers; a systematic random sampling method was employed. Results: There were 31 (20.7%) males and 119 (79.3%) females, with male-to-female ratio of 1:4. Most respondents did not perceived their ward's breath; similarly, they believed their wards did not have bad breath; however, among those with bad breath, majority were concerned, but most had not sought medical treatment. Surprisingly, majority of the respondents did not know the cause of bad breath; and educational qualification and ethnicity had no significant association with knowledge of the causes of halitosis. Majority of the ethnic groups were aware of halitosis, except the Fulanis; and this observation was statistically significant (χ² = 15.170, df = 4, P = 0.004). Conclusion: There was poor knowledge of the causes of halitosis among the respondents; and few respondents sort for medical treatment for halitosis.

Background: Salivary gland lesions, especially the neoplastic lesions constitute a highly heterogeneous histopathologic group. Several studies have reported a significant difference in the global distribution of salivary gland tumors, but no formal study has been carried out in this part of the globe. Objectives: The objectives were: (1) retrieval of salivary gland tumors from the files of Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government Dental College and Hospital (GDC and H), Nagpur, to analyze the relative frequency of individual salivary gland tumors and (2) to correlate the various salivary gland tumors according to age, sex, location, and duration and compare the findings of this study with studies conducted in other countries. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of all salivary gland tumors retrieved from the files of Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, GDC and H, Nagpur. Data thus collected archives were analyzed. Results: Out of total 75 cases, 29 pleomorphic adenoma, 8 basal cell adenoma, 16 mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 5 adenoid cystic carcinoma, 4 acinic cell carcinoma, 4 adenocarcinoma, 2 polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, and single case each of cyst-adenoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma, epimyoepithelial carcinoma, salivary duct carcinoma, carcinoma in ex-pleomorphic adenoma, malignant myoepithelioma, and mucinous adenocarcinomas were reported. These cases were analyzed considering the parameters such as age, sex, location, duration, radiographic findings, and histopathological appearances. These were compared with studies conducted in other parts of the world. Conclusion: In conclusion, the data and results presented herein were similar to previously published reports in other countries and other areas of India and globe. However, some differences were observed, these differences can be attributed to racial factors, the pathology centers of sample collection and the duration of the studies.

As aging progresses, there is tooth destruction in the cervical portion of the tooth not possibly due to carious process. This may be attributed to either abrasion, erosion or abfraction or a combination. The etiology, extent, and clinical view of these lesions vary, and it is a challenge to the clinician to identify the cause and decide proper restorative materials and treatment plan for each type of lesion.

The success of endodontic treatment and restoration of teeth predominantly depend on disinfection or aseptic environment of the affected tissue. Some bacterial flora may also remain in spite of the conventional process of cleaning and irrigation, which may later cause reinfection and failure of treatment. The article reviews the usefulness of lesion sterilization and tissue repair procedure in pediatric dentistry, its indications, contraindications, advantages, disadvantages, clinical procedure, and related studies.

Surgical management of ranula and mucocele in the pediatric age group is challenging. Various procedures from wide excision with scalpel to laser are associated with few complications. Micro-marsupialization is minimally invasive technique for the management of ranula and mucocele, especially in pediatric age group because it is easy to perform, efficacious, can be performed under topical anesthesia also and lower incidence of complications. This case reports describes the modified micro-marsupialization for the successful management of ranula and mucocele in pediatric age group.

This article presents a case report of a maxillary lateral incisor with a palatogingival groove extending up to the middle third of the root. Despite the poor prognosis, management of the defect was successfully carried out with combined endodontic and periodontal therapy.

Congenital microtia is a major anomaly of the external ear. Ear prosthesis is considered to be one of the most difficult replacements in maxillofacial reconstruction. The convolutions and severe undercuts in the ear present the challenge in simulating exact normal ear contours. The advent of digital technology in maxillofacial prosthesis has allowed fabrication of exact anatomical models. Fabrication of mirror image remains the challenge as the conventional technique depends on the skills of the technician. The purpose of this article is to describe an innovative technique for fabricating a mirror image in constructing an auricular prosthesis.

Treating a Class II patient has always been a challenge to orthodontist, especially in noncompliant adolescents. An appliance that minimizes the dependence on patient cooperation, reduces the treatment duration, and is esthetically less visible offers a potential solution to some compliance problems encountered in orthodontic practice. This article presents a case report of a 13-year-old male with a Class II division 1 malocclusion treated with a modified Churro jumper, by inserting it on an auxiliary wire (consisting of a molar segment, a posterior vertical segment, a vestibular segment, and an anterior vertical segment) placed on the mandibular arch, instead of directly placing on the main arch wire, to improve its efficiency. The patient responded well to the fixed functional appliance and saved the treatment time spent in aligning the bicuspids later.

Synovial sarcoma is a soft-tissue sarcoma of periarticular surfaces in close association with tendon sheaths, bursae, and joint capsules. Synovial sarcoma represents 5.6%–10% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. Knox suggested the name synovial sarcoma in the year 1936. These tumors are usually not found in soft tissues of head and neck region, and majority of tumors believed to take origin from paravertebral connective tissue spaces and manifest as parapharyngeal and solitary retropharyngeal masses near the carotid bifurcation. We present a rare case of biphasic synovial sarcoma of the submandibular region in a young male patient.